Scoliosis
Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a side to side curvature of the spine (measured in degrees). Scoliosis can present during adolescence (1-3/ 1000 people) usually in females between 11-17 years of age. Although causation is partially genetic, the exact cause is unclear and is called Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Typically, this curvature of the spine does not cause pain but can present with one shoulder being higher than other, waist asymmetry (one hip is more prominent than the other), torso shifted off to one side, or a hump or rib prominence in the upper back.
Degenerative scoliosis may occur in later life, usually over the age of 50. As discs degenerate in the lumbar spine (low back) side to side curvature may develop, and painful instability or the vertebrae slippage can increase the degrees of curvature and create a deformity. As in adolescent with scoliosis, trunk shifting, loss of waist height, loss of total height generally occurs. Pain results from the vertebrae rubbing together without the normal cushioning of the lumbar disc. Spinal nerves are often trapped or compressed (spinal stenosis). If deformity increases and back nerve pain continues or increases over time, spinal fusion and correction of the deformity maybe the best option.